Hka sau hpe jasan jaseng ai FCC Catalyst ni hta gara Molecular Sieves ni hpe lang ai kun?
FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) catalysts ngu ai gaw, n-gun ja ai hydrocarbon ni hpe -manu kaba ai-jat bang ai arung arai ni rai nga ai, wan sau, n-gun ja ai wan sau n-gun, n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai sau ni hpe atsawm sha galai shai ya lu na matu, sau htu shapraw ai hta jai lang ai, bungli law law galaw lu ai n-gun dat dat ai arung arai ni a hpan langai mi rai nga ai. Shanhte gaw, n-gun rawng ai arung arai ni, matrix arung arai ni, binder ni, filler ni hte hpawng de da ai.
FCC Catalysts ni a matu Molecular Sieves ni a amyu bawsang ni hte magam bungli ni
FCC catalysts ni gaw acidity grai law ai, hka n-gun kaja ai, n-gun ja ai anti-wear atsam ni hpe lu da ai majaw, n-gun ja ai hka n-gun rawng ai masa hta macromolecular hydrocarbons ni hpe n-gun rawng ai, isomerization, hydrogen htawt sit ai zawn re ai bai htang ai lam ni hpe n-gun jaw lu ai. Dai hta n-ga, molecular sieve amyu, rare earth n-gun, acidity, pore structure ni hpe gram lajang ai hku nna, wan sau, propylene, LPG zawn re ai yaw shada ai arung arai ni a hkai lu hkai sha ai lam hte lata la ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw lu na re.
Dai majaw, FCC n-gun dat ni hta n bung ai molecular sieve ni gaw madung hku nna n-gun dat ni hpe madi shadaw ya ai lit ni hpe gun hpai nga ai. Y-hpan molecular sieves hte shanhte a galai shai ai hkrang ni gaw FCC n-gun dat ni a madung shamu shamawt ai arung arai ni rai nga ai. Beta molecular sieve hpe lang nna, laksan hydrocarbon ni a garan ginhka ai lam, garan ginhka ai lam, garan ginhka ai lam ni hpe grau kaja hkra galaw lu ai. Magam bungli galaw ai additive langai hku nna, ZSM-5 gaw n-gun n rawng ai olefins ni hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya lu ai. Bai nna, ZSM-11 molecular sieve hpe hydrocarbon ni a hkrang hpe lata la nna garan kachyan na matu hte nhtoi htoi ai olefin ni hpe hkang na matu lang ai.
USY Molecular Sieve: Ahkyak dik htum ai shamu shamawt ai arung arai
Y-hpan molecular hka htunggaw FCC a matu npawt nhpang cracking-active daw rai nga ai, hteGrai ngang grin ai Y (USY)ngu ai gaw, n-gun ja ai zeolite amyu rai nga ai. Tsaw-silica Y shing nrai .N-gun n rawng ai Y (DAY)USY molecular sieve lahkawng yan rai nga ai. USY hpe Y-hpan zeolite ngu nna chye na la mai ai, dai hpe dealumination hte hydrothermal zawn re ai n-gun shayawm ai lam ni hpe galaw lai wa sai.
FCC catalysts ni gaw, bai kahtap nna bai gram lajang ai lam ni hpe hkrum sha nga ai majaw, shanhte gaw nbung katsi ai hte steam-law ai makau grup yin ni hpe hkam sharang ra ai. Dai majaw, USY gaw hydrothermal stability grai tsaw ai, steam deactivation hpe n-gun ja ai hku ninghkap lu ai, framework stability grai tsaw ai, molecule kaba ni hpe garan ginhka lu ai atsam grai kaja ai hpe madun dan ai.
REY/RE-USY Molecular Sieve: Shamu shamawt ai lam, Coke hte ngang grin ai lam hpe rap ra hkra galaw ya ai
Rare-ga ntsa na galai shai ai Y zeolites ni gaw FCC n-gun dat ni hta ahkyak ai hpaga lam manu hpe hkam la nga ai. Dai hta lawm ai rare-npu na n-gun ni gaw La, Ce, Nd ni rai nga ai. Rare-earth ion galai shai ai lam gaw Y-hpan zeolite molecular sieves ni a nbung n-gun, hka n-gun, acid, shamu shamawt lam, coke lata ai lam ni hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya lu ai.
Dai majaw, .REY (N law ai-Mungkan Y)HteRE-USY (N law ai-Mungkan ga hta n-gun ja ai Y)molecular sieves hpe gaw, sau FCC hta, shamu shamawt ai lam hte ngang grin ai lam hpe jat ya na matu, catalytic shamu shamawt lam, coke shapraw ai lam, hte gasoline/diesel lata ai lam ni a lapran hta rap ra lam hpe lu la na matu, laksan lang ai.
Beta Molecular Sieve: Hka htung ni hpe galai shai ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai
Beta gaw USY hte n bung ai sha, htunghking FCC n-gun dat ni hta lang ai madung core molecular sieve n re. Raitim, dai gaw, laksan hkrang shapraw ai lam (sh) bungli galaw ai hku galai shai ai zeolite molecular sieves ni a arawn alai grau law ai.
Beta molecular hka htungBEA topology hpe madu da nna, masum-hkum hkrang kaba ai-pore system hpe madun da ai. Shi a n-gun ja ai acidity hte pore channel kaba ni a majaw, FCC application ni hta hydrocarbon hpe garan ginhka ai, isomerization galaw ai, hte hydrocracking- hte seng ai hkam sha lam ni a matu jai lang mai ai, dai hta n-ga, lapran-distillate lata la ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya lu ai hte, laksan hydrocarbon ni hpe galai shai ai lam hpe n-gun jaw ya lu ai.
ZSM-5 Molecular Sieve: Nhtoi Olefins byin pru wa hkra karum ya ai
a lit gaw .ZSM-5 n-gun n-gun n-gunFCC ladat ni hta laklai ai, FCC catalyst additive hku nna bungli galaw ai. Y-hpan zeolite gaw, n-gun ja ai-sau n-gun kaba ni hpe garan kachyan na matu madung lit nga ai rai nna, ZSM-5 gaw, wan sau n-gun rawng ai hydrocarbon ni hpe grau nna galai shai shangun ai lam hpe madung tawn nna, n-gun n rawng ai olefins ni hpe shapraw na matu n-gun jaw ya ai.
ZSM-5 zeolite gaw MFI hkrang hpe n-gun n rawng ai hkrang hte n-gun rawng ai hkrang hpe lata la ai n-gun rawng ai arawn alai ni hpe madun dan ai. ZSM-5 hpe FCC masa ni hta bang ai gaw, laksan hku nna, propylene, ethylene, LPG, hte n-gun n rawng ai olefin ni hpe shapraw ya ai, wan sau hpe shayawm ya ai (sh) wan sau a olefin nsam hpe galai shai ya ai. Bai nna, USY hte ZSM-5 molecular sieve ni hpe kayau kaya galaw ai gaw grai laklai ai FCC n-gun dat ladat rai nga ai.
ZSM-11 Molecular Sieve: Hkrang (sh) hkrang hpe lata nna garan ai hpe hkang ai
ZSM-11 n-gun n-gun n-gunMEL topology hta lawm ai, ZSM-5 a MFI hkrang hte grai bung ai hkrang langai mi re. Shi a bungli gaw FCC galaw ai lam ni rai nga ai hkrang hpe lata la ai garan ginhka ai lam hte olefin hpe hkang ai lam ni hta mung ZSM-5 molecular sieve hte bung nga ai.
FCC hpaga lam hta, ZSM-11 molecular sieve hpe hydrocarbon hpe garan kachyan na matu, manam pyaw ai baw hpe garan kachyan na matu, shing nrai, FCC hpe n-gun dat jat bang ai hku nna jai lang mai ai. Raitim, hpaga lam hta FCC jai lang ai lam hta, ZSM-11 molecular sieve gaw ZSM-5 hta grau n-gun n rawng ai.
Sinmat Tsi HpajiFCC n-gun dat ni a matu zeolite n-gun dat ni hpe jaw ya ai hta kungkyang ai, dai hta Y-hpan n-gun dat ni (NaY, HY, USY, REY, RE-USY, DAY), Beta n-gun dat ni, ZSM-5 n-gun dat ni, ZSM-11 n-gun dat ni lawm ai. Kaga lam ni hpe chye mayu yang, dai product hte seng ai laika man ni hpe yu mai ai.
